PROSITE documentation PDOC00871

{PDOC00871}
{PS01131; RRNA_A_DIMETH}
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* Ribosomal RNA adenine dimethylases signature *
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A number  of  enzymes  responsible  for  the  dimethylation  of  adenosines in
ribosomal RNAs (EC 2.1.1.48) have been found [1,2] to be evolutionary related.
These enzymes are:

 - Bacterial  16S  rRNA  dimethylase (gene ksgA), which acts in the biogenesis
   of ribosomes  by catalyzing the dimethylation of two adjacent adenosines in
   the loop  of  a conserved hairpin near the 3'-end of 16S rRNA. Inactivation
   of ksgA leads to resistance to the aminoglycoside antibiotic kasugamycin.
 - Yeast  18S  rRNA  dimethylase (gene DIM1), which is functionally similar to
   ksgA and that dimethylates twin adenosines in the 3'-end of 18S rRNA.
 - Bacterial 'erm' methylases. These enzymes confer  resistance  to macrolide-
   lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLS) antibiotics - such  as erythromycin -  by
   dimethylating the  adenine  residue  at  position  2058  of  23S  rRNA thus
   resulting in a reduced affinity between ribosomes and the MLS antibiotics.
 - Caenorhabditis elegans hypothetical protein EO2H1.1.

The best  conserved  region  in  these  enzymes  is  located in the N-terminal
section and  corresponds  to  a region that is probably involved in S-adenosyl
methionine (SAM) binding.

-Consensus pattern: [LIVMAC]-[LIVMFYWT]-[DE]-x-G-[STAPVLCG]-G-x-[GAS]-x-
                    [LIVMF]-[ST]-x(2,3)-[LIVMA]-x(5,8)-[LIVMYF]-x-[STAGVLC]-
                    [LIVMFYHCS]-E-x-D
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.
-Last update: April 2006 / Pattern revised.

[ 1] van Gemen B., van Knippenberg P.H.
     (In) Nucleic acid methylation, Clawson G.A., Willis D.B., Weissbach A.,
     Jones P.A., Eds., pp.19-36, Alan R. Liss Inc, New-York, (1990).
[ 2] Lafontaine D., Delcour J., Glasser A.L., Desgres J., Vandenhaute J.
     "The DIM1 gene responsible for the conserved m6(2)Am6(2)A
     dimethylation in the 3'-terminal loop of 18 S rRNA is essential in
     yeast."
     J. Mol. Biol. 241:492-497(1994).
     PubMed=8064863;

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